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what if there was a place where you

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could see things like you've never seen

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them before

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what if because you saw things in a

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different way you made all kinds of

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breakthroughs in science right here on

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earth well the international space

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station is just that place and it's open

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for business off the earth

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for the earth hi i'm nasa astronaut

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you okay

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i'm going to let you in on something

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while the international space station is

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a bold engineering feat and an awesome

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outpost in space the coolest thing about

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it is that it's one extraordinary space

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laboratory several things that make the

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iss a very special place for scientific

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research

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is microgravity

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space radiation

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extreme temperature exposure both hot

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and cold vast amounts of atomic oxygen

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and an earth observatory with a view

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like no other

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in fact the u.s congress designated the

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international space station as a u.s

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national laboratory in 2005. this opened

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up the space station to providing

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opportunities for additional research

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from other governmental agencies

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universities middle and high school

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students as well as private companies

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in 2011 nasa partnered with the center

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for the advancement of science and space

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cases

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this organization was awarded by nasa

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the responsibility of inciting the

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imagination of entrepreneurs and

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scientists alike we're accelerating and

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facilitating space-based research as

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well as creating public awareness of

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national lab research and making space

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science more accessible to the entire

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world for more information on science on

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our country has many national labs

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covering a landscape of scientific

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disciplines the iss national lab is the

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newest of our nation's labs and we can

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study things in space that we just can't

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study here on earth

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arc ii is our second suite of projects

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going to the international space station

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with drug development materials science

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all the way into the life sciences where

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we could improve human wellness here on

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the planet

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on this mission we're going to launch a

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very interesting new piece of hardware

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that will significantly enhance our

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now that the space station is complete

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we can move into the utilization phase

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and so nasa came to us and cases came to

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us and said look

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this would be a great tool to be able to

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study bone density in microgravity can

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you develop it and can you develop it

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quickly until you get world-class

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hardware you can't do world-class

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science so what we're doing is we're

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enabling capabilities that they never

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a bone densitometer

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basically measures the amount of bone

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loss

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that the mouse will see up in

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so if the goal and objective is to try

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to cure osteoporosis think about it if

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we have accelerated bone loss in space

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and we have a control group of animals

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in a group that we implant with a drug

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and we compare the two we can see is

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this drug effective at reducing or

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eliminating osteoporosis in in the bones

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osteoporosis is very widespread and i

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think it can this

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technology has a potential to have a

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huge impact on just the health and

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well-being of the older population the

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more experiments we get into space the

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more public that is the more people are

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going to realize that hey this is a very

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unique opportunity

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so many people have put blood sweat and

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tears to get the space station built now

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that's this makes some great discoveries

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ten years ago nasa was focused on

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completing the construction of the

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international space station now we're in

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the utilization era and so we're trying

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to attract those innovative

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cobra has a long history of developing

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new technologies and being some real

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game-changing moments from the very

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first baffler product in 1975 to putting

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graphite shelves in metals we have to

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come to market with the right product we

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cannot come to the market with something

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which is inferior it has to be bigger

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and better and stronger than the

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previous model that we have and this is

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just the next chapter

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cobra golf r d is working with cases to

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put an experiment on board the

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international space station that's going

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to investigate

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plating characteristics on metals to

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determine if we truly can make a better

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product

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i would say almost anything that is made

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anything where you'd like to be able to

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make a much more complex structure that

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you can't make here on earth huge leaps

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can be made in that environment

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not only can cobra puma golf learn

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something in microgravity about their

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golf clubs but they also can take

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advantage of our seal spaces in it

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the spaces in its seal is a logo created

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by cases that identifies the value of

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using this new environment to improve a

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it's just flat out cool and people

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understand that it's super high tech and

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if you look at the golf club and can

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imagine all of the stuff that it's taken

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to do to get us into space is in that

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golf club from a branding standpoint i

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can't see a better fit

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i really can't

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people have always been fascinated with

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space it's the unknown from the very

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first days of trying to put a man on the

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moon in the late 60s through to the

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international space station as it is

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this is an exciting period of time right

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now where we have the opportunity to

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join with non-traditional users not just

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researchers but commercial for-profit

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companies to improve life on earth and

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when you're up there for six months or

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in scott kelly's case an entire year

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it's really the working in space part

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that becomes kind of the thing you love

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the most it's the thing that gets you

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through the days you're working with

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these professionals on the ground and a

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lot of them have spent their entire

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lives working on these science

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experiments and here we are up there and

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we get to operate them and it's really

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an honor to get to do that and in many

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ways those are some of my fondest

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memories of being in space

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you get to you get to work these

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experiments and they're usually watching

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over your shoulder from the ground and

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there's a lot of times where i would do

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something whether it was fluids or with

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flame research it really didn't matter

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um the investigator would just say whoa

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whoa wait dude do that again that was

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incredible and totally unexpected and

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that was what just made you smile big up

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there when when hey we've been flying in

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space a long long time but we are still

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doing research that has unexpected

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results every single day on the space

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station and i really love that about

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well the the gee whiz thing is the

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zero gravity

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having a long-term laboratory

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with zero gravity

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is very unique and i think it's one that

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i hope that we will reap the benefits

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from in the future

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from a scientific perspective

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as soon as the station was habitable

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astronauts began to study the impact of

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microgravity and other space effects on

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the human body other life forms fluids

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and materials

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over fifteen years of continuous

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research and more than sixteen hundred

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experiments have been conducted on the

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space station

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research laboratory that advances our

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knowledge of human physiology biology

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and material and physical science

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this knowledge translates into medical

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economic and environmental benefits for

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the people of earth

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outside the station sustained by its

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large solar power supply is a silent

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explorer sifting through space

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called the alpha magnetic spectrometer

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it is finding and tracking exotic

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particles of anti-matter and dark matter

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found in cosmic rays from distant

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galaxies the results could change our

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basic understanding of the universe

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other research aboard the station has

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led to the design and development of

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tiny microbe balloons which will help

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get pharmaceutical drugs directly to

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specific cancer cells the station is

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also used as an education platform to

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encourage and motivate today's youth to

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pursue careers in math science

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engineering and technology in addition

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researchers aboard the space station

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will gain knowledge about human

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physiology radiation material science

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engineering biology fluid physics and

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technology that will help people on

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earth and enable future space

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exploration missions

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there is no single place on earth where

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a laboratory like this can be found and

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in 2005 congress designated the space

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station

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as an official u.s national laboratory

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this has opened up the station and

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provided opportunities for additional

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research from other agencies

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universities middle and high school

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students and private companies

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scientists from all over the world are

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using facilities aboard the station

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several patents and partnerships have

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already demonstrated the value and

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benefits of space-based research

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future space station experiments and

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their applications on earth are in the

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making and the promise and possibilities

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one aspect of the international space

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station program that makes it so unique

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is its international partners

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16 countries working together combining

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resources to make the iss the best it

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can be recently astronaut samantha

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christoferetti from the european space

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agency returned from her 199 day stay on

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board

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because the iss is a working active

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science laboratory the crew on board

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puts in a ton of work every day

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let's see some of what samantha was up

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to during her stay on the international

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so

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of course scientific research is the

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main area of focus on the iss but

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astronauts and cosmonauts they have to

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live there too

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normal daily routine activities can be

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way different in space and a bit

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challenging here's more on that topic

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from issa's samantha christopher reddy

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hello and welcome to my hygiene coroner

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here on the iss this is the place where

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i wash brush my teeth or after workouts

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take a shower iss style the heart of the

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hygiene corner is the

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toiletry pouch

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comfort 1m it's russian made and most

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crew members ask to have one sent up for

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them

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it's really useful to

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deploy your hygiene items and hygiene

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items come come up in a ziploc like this

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one this contains supplies that need to

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last for six months

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and they don't look much different from

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what your hygiene items look in your

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bathroom probably you can see a

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00:15:37,509 --> 00:15:35,839
toothbrush here

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00:15:39,590 --> 00:15:37,519
toothpaste tube

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00:15:41,829 --> 00:15:39,600
deodorant

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00:15:45,829 --> 00:15:41,839
and as far as towels are concerned we

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00:15:48,069 --> 00:15:45,839
cannot wash stuff up here so

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00:15:51,590 --> 00:15:48,079
we get a supply of towels

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00:15:53,749 --> 00:15:51,600
every week we get a towel like this one

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00:15:56,069 --> 00:15:53,759
and a smaller washcloth

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00:15:58,629 --> 00:15:56,079
i usually take my new ones out on

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00:16:00,230 --> 00:15:58,639
sundays so it's not quite time yet i put

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00:16:01,269 --> 00:16:00,240
those back

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00:16:03,030 --> 00:16:01,279
and

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00:16:06,470 --> 00:16:03,040
for today i will use the ones that i

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00:16:08,790 --> 00:16:06,480
have already deployed for the week

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00:16:10,629 --> 00:16:08,800
every second day we can also take out a

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00:16:12,550 --> 00:16:10,639
new um

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00:16:15,590 --> 00:16:12,560
let's say camping town it's one of those

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00:16:17,990 --> 00:16:15,600
uh light towels it comes in a foil like

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00:16:20,710 --> 00:16:18,000
this it's dry and then we can add water

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00:16:23,749 --> 00:16:20,720
wet it and it's really nice to to clean

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00:16:26,310 --> 00:16:23,759
your skin

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00:16:28,150 --> 00:16:26,320
in terms of brushing your teeth

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00:16:29,509 --> 00:16:28,160
it's actually very similar to what you

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00:16:32,629 --> 00:16:29,519
would do on earth

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00:16:34,470 --> 00:16:32,639
as i said a toothbrush and toothpaste

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00:16:36,949 --> 00:16:34,480
look just the same and you brush your

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00:16:38,230 --> 00:16:36,959
teeth just the same the only difference

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00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:38,240
of course is that

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00:16:42,069 --> 00:16:40,480
we don't have a sink to spit in when

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00:16:43,430 --> 00:16:42,079
we're done

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00:16:46,870 --> 00:16:43,440
all that extra

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00:16:47,990 --> 00:16:46,880
toothpaste so some astronauts just

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00:16:50,629 --> 00:16:48,000
swallow it

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00:16:52,629 --> 00:16:50,639
it's quick and easy i personally don't

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00:16:53,590 --> 00:16:52,639
like to do that so i actually spit it in

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00:16:55,749 --> 00:16:53,600
a towel

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00:16:57,590 --> 00:16:55,759
it's not the most elegant thing but

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00:17:00,150 --> 00:16:57,600
you have to do what you have to do

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00:17:02,150 --> 00:17:00,160
as far as soap is concerned it comes up

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00:17:05,189 --> 00:17:02,160
in in pouches like this one you need to

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00:17:07,669 --> 00:17:05,199
add water and then you get a nice

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00:17:10,069 --> 00:17:07,679
liquid soap pouch which needs to last

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00:17:11,590 --> 00:17:10,079
for about two weeks and it's a no rains

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00:17:13,270 --> 00:17:11,600
type of soap it doesn't make a lot of

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00:17:14,710 --> 00:17:13,280
foam and it doesn't really need to be

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00:17:16,309 --> 00:17:14,720
rinsed

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00:17:19,590 --> 00:17:16,319
and of course we do not have any running

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00:17:21,189 --> 00:17:19,600
water up here so we also need to fill up

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00:17:23,270 --> 00:17:21,199
water pouches

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00:17:25,029 --> 00:17:23,280
we can connect pouches like this one to

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00:17:27,270 --> 00:17:25,039
the water dispenser which is in the

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00:17:28,230 --> 00:17:27,280
nearby module in the us lab

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00:17:30,549 --> 00:17:28,240
and

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00:17:32,710 --> 00:17:30,559
i personally like to to fill it up with

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00:17:34,390 --> 00:17:32,720
warm water when it's time to wash but

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00:17:36,789 --> 00:17:34,400
you can also fill it up with ambient

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00:17:38,630 --> 00:17:36,799
temperature water so i'll go ahead and

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00:17:41,750 --> 00:17:38,640
do this right now and i'll see you in a

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00:17:46,470 --> 00:17:44,230
here i am and i got my water

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00:17:48,390 --> 00:17:46,480
so first of all i'd like to show you um

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00:17:50,710 --> 00:17:48,400
how water behaves in weightlessness

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00:17:52,789 --> 00:17:50,720
which is kind of uh interesting

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00:17:54,630 --> 00:17:52,799
of course it doesn't fall down

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00:17:56,950 --> 00:17:54,640
like it does on earth and it kind of

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00:18:03,909 --> 00:17:56,960
tends to stick to your skin

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00:18:03,919 --> 00:18:07,669
if you can see it

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00:18:13,029 --> 00:18:09,190
see it doesn't really want to move away

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00:18:16,070 --> 00:18:14,630
just because of that surface tension

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00:18:18,310 --> 00:18:16,080
effect

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00:18:19,830 --> 00:18:18,320
now of course i put a lot of water on my

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00:18:22,310 --> 00:18:19,840
hand just to show you you wouldn't you

355
00:18:23,590 --> 00:18:22,320
wouldn't use all that water to wash um

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00:18:25,990 --> 00:18:23,600
just because it's it's a little bit

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00:18:33,909 --> 00:18:26,000
difficult to control

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00:18:36,789 --> 00:18:34,789
but

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00:18:38,549 --> 00:18:36,799
if you have some time

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00:18:41,510 --> 00:18:38,559
to be you know to take your time and be

361
00:18:43,350 --> 00:18:41,520
careful you can you can do that i think

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00:18:46,710 --> 00:18:43,360
i do it sometimes i really put some

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00:18:51,750 --> 00:18:46,720
water on my skin like that

364
00:19:19,029 --> 00:18:55,110
and

365
00:19:22,470 --> 00:19:19,039
feeling of

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00:19:26,870 --> 00:19:24,230
and then as i said i like to keep my

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00:19:29,029 --> 00:19:26,880
actual towels here dry so you can use

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00:19:35,990 --> 00:19:29,039
them to

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00:19:39,510 --> 00:19:37,669
now of course you you don't always have

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00:19:41,110 --> 00:19:39,520
the time to take it slowly and be so

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00:19:43,350 --> 00:19:41,120
careful so if you're a little bit more

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00:19:44,950 --> 00:19:43,360
in a rush let's say it's a it's a work

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00:19:46,470 --> 00:19:44,960
day and you had your workout and then

374
00:19:50,870 --> 00:19:46,480
you have to rush off and do something

375
00:19:52,870 --> 00:19:50,880
else then you will simply um you know

376
00:19:55,190 --> 00:19:52,880
just squirt the water into your camping

377
00:19:57,190 --> 00:19:55,200
towel and add some soap and that's a lot

378
00:19:59,669 --> 00:19:57,200
easier to control because you can just

379
00:20:02,390 --> 00:19:59,679
rub your skin like that and uh i don't

380
00:20:04,789 --> 00:20:02,400
find it as pleasant but it's certainly a

381
00:20:09,430 --> 00:20:04,799
lot quicker and and easier to and easier

382
00:20:13,669 --> 00:20:11,590
now all the the water that you use

383
00:20:17,029 --> 00:20:13,679
eventually ends up in the towels that

384
00:20:18,789 --> 00:20:17,039
you use to dry and we leave those towels

385
00:20:20,390 --> 00:20:18,799
close to a ventilation grid like in this

386
00:20:23,510 --> 00:20:20,400
case you can see a ventilation grid

387
00:20:26,390 --> 00:20:23,520
right here so that they can dry off and

388
00:20:28,950 --> 00:20:26,400
all the water then is recuperated it

389
00:20:30,789 --> 00:20:28,960
evaporates in the air and then in the

390
00:20:33,190 --> 00:20:30,799
air conditioning system it condensates

391
00:20:35,350 --> 00:20:33,200
again and it goes into our

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00:20:37,430 --> 00:20:35,360
water recreation bus and it actually

393
00:20:39,190 --> 00:20:37,440
gets turned into potable water again so

394
00:20:41,750 --> 00:20:39,200
we don't absolutely lose any of the

395
00:20:44,390 --> 00:20:41,760
water that we use to wash cutting your

396
00:20:46,310 --> 00:20:44,400
fingernails is not the easiest thing in

397
00:20:48,549 --> 00:20:46,320
weightlessness of course you um you

398
00:20:51,029 --> 00:20:48,559
don't want to lose any pieces of nails

399
00:20:53,510 --> 00:20:51,039
around the cabin so the best thing is

400
00:20:56,070 --> 00:20:53,520
actually to do it really close to a

401
00:20:57,830 --> 00:20:56,080
return grid of the ventilation system so

402
00:21:01,590 --> 00:20:57,840
that all the pieces of nails that you

403
00:21:03,990 --> 00:21:01,600
cut off get immediately attracted

404
00:21:14,070 --> 00:21:04,000
sucked towards the grid

405
00:21:17,430 --> 00:21:15,669
there you go and then when you're done

406
00:21:18,789 --> 00:21:17,440
of course you want to have a vacuum

407
00:21:24,870 --> 00:21:18,799
cleaner handy

408
00:21:27,669 --> 00:21:26,070
and to

409
00:21:32,230 --> 00:21:27,679
wash your hair

410
00:21:34,950 --> 00:21:32,240
um we have the special no-rinse shampoo

411
00:21:37,110 --> 00:21:34,960
that requires uh um theoretically no

412
00:21:38,710 --> 00:21:37,120
rinsing but at least very little rinsing

413
00:21:41,430 --> 00:21:38,720
so we just court

414
00:21:43,110 --> 00:21:41,440
water into our hair we add some shampoo

415
00:21:45,430 --> 00:21:43,120
we massage it just like we would on

416
00:21:47,510 --> 00:21:45,440
earth and then we kind of dry the excess

417
00:21:59,430 --> 00:21:47,520
water and shampoo off with the with a

418
00:22:05,270 --> 00:22:02,149
gravity the question of gravity and why

419
00:22:07,669 --> 00:22:05,280
do astronauts float around when they're

420
00:22:11,029 --> 00:22:07,679
in space and it's not because the

421
00:22:13,110 --> 00:22:11,039
gravity is gone it's because the

422
00:22:16,310 --> 00:22:13,120
spacecraft motion

423
00:22:19,990 --> 00:22:16,320
cancels out the relative effects of

424
00:22:22,710 --> 00:22:20,000
gravity that you experience when you are

425
00:22:25,669 --> 00:22:22,720
in an orbit around earth you are in a

426
00:22:28,870 --> 00:22:25,679
continuous state of free fall and this

427
00:22:32,390 --> 00:22:28,880
free fall is what knulls out the local

428
00:22:34,230 --> 00:22:32,400
effect of gravity so imagine

429
00:22:37,909 --> 00:22:34,240
space station and this is going to be

430
00:22:40,549 --> 00:22:37,919
exaggerated space station falls

431
00:22:42,390 --> 00:22:40,559
three centimeters towards earth okay

432
00:22:43,909 --> 00:22:42,400
it's closer to earth but at the same

433
00:22:47,029 --> 00:22:43,919
time if it moves

434
00:22:49,270 --> 00:22:47,039
three centimeters out that way its

435
00:22:51,990 --> 00:22:49,280
radial distance from earth remains

436
00:22:54,710 --> 00:22:52,000
constant and so you you keep doing this

437
00:22:58,070 --> 00:22:54,720
and you think of it as stair-stepping

438
00:23:02,470 --> 00:22:58,080
your way around earth so the result of

439
00:23:06,390 --> 00:23:02,480
this motion is moving in an arc around

440
00:23:08,230 --> 00:23:06,400
earth at constant distance so you're not

441
00:23:10,310 --> 00:23:08,240
really in zero gravity you're still

442
00:23:11,110 --> 00:23:10,320
under the influence of earth's gravity

443
00:23:14,870 --> 00:23:11,120
but

444
00:23:17,029 --> 00:23:14,880
nominally we will say you're in zero g

445
00:23:18,870 --> 00:23:17,039
which is technically not the correct way

446
00:23:22,230 --> 00:23:18,880
of saying it so you want to refer to it

447
00:23:24,070 --> 00:23:22,240
as being weightless

448
00:23:28,230 --> 00:23:24,080
progress cargo ship

449
00:23:30,230 --> 00:23:28,240
thrusters are boosting the space station

450
00:23:32,549 --> 00:23:30,240
feel my speed picking up

451
00:23:34,870 --> 00:23:32,559
okay this time i'm gonna just

452
00:23:37,669 --> 00:23:34,880
let go the camera and see how camera

453
00:23:40,470 --> 00:23:37,679
moves really really

454
00:23:42,950 --> 00:23:40,480
yeah yeah release the camera

455
00:23:46,149 --> 00:23:42,960
now it's all moving

456
00:23:48,310 --> 00:23:46,159
to control i'm not pushing this is the

457
00:23:52,470 --> 00:23:48,320
acceleration from the thrusters of the

458
00:23:56,549 --> 00:23:54,310
in the camera

459
00:23:58,870 --> 00:23:56,559
coming closer again it's just due to the

460
00:24:00,310 --> 00:23:58,880
acceleration constant acceleration it's

461
00:24:02,310 --> 00:24:00,320
an eight minute

462
00:24:03,830 --> 00:24:02,320
burn by the progress vehicle that means

463
00:24:05,430 --> 00:24:03,840
we'll have eight minutes of constant

464
00:24:07,190 --> 00:24:05,440
acceleration

465
00:24:09,430 --> 00:24:07,200
this pushes the space station to a

466
00:24:11,350 --> 00:24:09,440
higher orbit

467
00:24:13,110 --> 00:24:11,360
in this episode of station life we

468
00:24:15,830 --> 00:24:13,120
learned how the international space

469
00:24:17,909 --> 00:24:15,840
station is an astonishing u.s national

470
00:24:19,990 --> 00:24:17,919
laboratory and how scientific research

471
00:24:21,750 --> 00:24:20,000
is happening all the time

472
00:24:23,909 --> 00:24:21,760
some of the exciting experiments are

473
00:24:25,830 --> 00:24:23,919
fluid shifts in the human body so we can

474
00:24:27,590 --> 00:24:25,840
learn how to take care of our body on

475
00:24:29,430 --> 00:24:27,600
deep space missions

476
00:24:31,990 --> 00:24:29,440
studies in bone loss that could help

477
00:24:34,310 --> 00:24:32,000
lead to treatments for osteoporosis

478
00:24:36,310 --> 00:24:34,320
and joining forces with merck research

479
00:24:38,870 --> 00:24:36,320
labs on protein crystal growth

480
00:24:41,110 --> 00:24:38,880
investigations which crystallizes human

481
00:24:42,710 --> 00:24:41,120
antibodies that could help develop new

482
00:24:44,470 --> 00:24:42,720
clinical trials for the treatment of

483
00:24:46,950 --> 00:24:44,480
several diseases

484
00:24:48,870 --> 00:24:46,960
as you can see research on the iss

485
00:24:49,830 --> 00:24:48,880
continues to benefit us all here on

486
00:24:51,990 --> 00:24:49,840
earth

487
00:24:53,669 --> 00:24:52,000
be sure to stay in touch and follow us

488
00:24:55,510 --> 00:24:53,679
on facebook and twitter for the latest

489
00:24:57,110 --> 00:24:55,520
research news and don't forget to

490
00:24:59,909 --> 00:24:57,120
download our new app on your mobile

491
00:25:02,630 --> 00:24:59,919
device until next time we're working off